Find my iPhone can be used to play a sound on your iPhone to enable it to be located if its been lost in the immediate area. this can be done by logging into your iCloud account from any computer or iOS device and having Find My iPhone play a sound on your iPhone. If you have an Apple Watch you can tap the iphone symbol in the control centre to get your iPhone to post s tone.
I don't think you'll find an app to remind you if you misplaced your iPhone as the app would have no way of knowing if the iPhone was misplaced or left on purpose.