This is what I got when I asked Gemini
That sounds incredibly frustrating, especially since you can log in on your computer! This is a known issue that occasionally pops up with iPhones, even when the password is definitely correct. It often points to a temporary connection or settings conflict on the phone itself.
Here are the most common solutions that people have found helpful for this exact "Verification Failed" issue, even with the correct password:

Potential Fixes for "Verification Failed"
1. Check Your Network Connection
The most common reason is an interference with the connection to Apple's verification servers.
Toggle Wi-Fi/Cellular: Try switching from Wi-Fi to your mobile data (5G/4G) or vice versa. Many users have reported that trying to log in while on a different network (like a mobile hotspot from another device) bypasses the issue.
Reset Network Settings: This clears Wi-Fi passwords, cellular settings, and VPN/APN settings, often resolving underlying connectivity issues.
Go to Settings > General > Transfer or Reset iPhone > Reset > Reset Network Settings. You will need to re-enter your Wi-Fi password afterward.
2. Basic Troubleshooting Steps
Simple steps can often clear temporary software glitches.
Restart Your iPhone: Turn your iPhone off completely, wait about 30 seconds, and turn it back on.
Check Apple System Status: While less likely since you can sign in on the web, it's worth checking if Apple's servers are experiencing issues. Search for "Apple System Status" in your web browser and ensure Apple Account and iCloud are marked as available.
Sign Out and Back In (If Possible): If you can get past the initial password request to sign out:
Go to Settings, tap your Name/Apple ID banner at the top, and scroll to the bottom to Sign Out. You'll need to enter your password for this, which is the problem, but if it allows it for signing out, try it.
3. Reset All Settings
If a Network Reset doesn't work, resetting all settings can resolve deeper configuration conflicts without deleting your personal data (photos, apps, etc.). It will revert your preferences for things like display, sounds, and accessibility.
Go to Settings > General > Transfer or Reset iPhone > Reset > Reset All Settings.
4. A Last Resort - Password Reset
Although you know your password is correct, resetting it might force a fresh validation with Apple's servers, which can sometimes clear a lingering security flag or cached credential on your phone.
On your computer, go to
Google Search and reset your password. Then, try entering the new password on your iPhone.
My best advice is to start with toggling your network connection (Wi-Fi off, cellular on, then try logging in) and then the Reset Network Settings.
If none of these steps resolve the issue, you should contact Apple Support. Since you can prove you own the account by logging in elsewhere, they can check for any security lockouts or flags on your specific device's connection to your Apple ID.
Would you like me to find the best way to contact Apple Support in your region?