OK, I powered off the phone (which is iOS 5.1 and not jail broken), and held down the home button when I plugged it in to the charger. But I do not find a "restore" option to click anywhere in my phone. I hope your instructions do not assume I will be plugging it into the USB port of a computer running iTunes, because I will not use iTunes. My wife has her own iPhone and Apple ID but she shares the use of many of the applications I installed on mine before she got hers. iTunes screws up things when we try to use it on either of our phones. It simply can't keep track of what should and shouldn't be on our two iPhones. The last time I tried it I lost my recent music purchases but got all her e-mail addresses added to mine, and mine to hers.
I hope you can make a helpful suggestion in this situation. The guy in the Apple shop didn't need iTunes, so I shouldn't.
Okay then.
Well....as it may be....you must use iTunes to restore your device.
It is the only way. It cannot be done on the iPhone itself.
But I feel you about iTunes. I hate it myself.
The reason why iTunes screws everything up for you is because it syncs your device every time it's plugged in with iTunes open. This is what causes things to get deleted and moved around.
You can fix this by opening iTunes on your computer (do not plug in device tho).
Open iTunes, and in the top left corner click: "Edit"
Then click: "Preferences"
Then In that window that pops up...click: "Devices". it's the iPhone icon.
There will be a white box with a list of all your backup files.
Underneath that white box I want you to click on the small box:
"Prevent iPods, iPhones, and iPads from syncing automatically".
Be sure to click "OK" at the bottom or that setting will not save.
Once that is done, iTunes cannot modify anything without you manually doing so. Preventing iTunes from applying any changes to your device.
So do as I said in the above post I wrote (holding home button while plugging in) open iTunes and their will be the restore button. after clicking okay in the "ITunes has discovered a device in recovery mode. It must be restored be for using with iTunes" popup.
Once that is done, restore our device.
After iPhone reboots, choose to restore from backup.
If you want to restore from an iCloud backup...then don't do anything in iTunes after the device reboots. Jut users setup assistant on the phone , and choose to restore from an iCloyd backup.
Once restore is done....Ypi should have all your apps musc and info from the iCloud backup.